Abstract: The last decade has seen an alarming spread of network interference and censorship well beyond traditional offenders such as Russia and China. This alarming trend jeopardises Internet freedom for billions of users around the world. To preserve human rights and Internet freedom, the scientific community must step up to bring transparency to such practices, build more effective defensive technologies, and partner with civil society to safeguard users. In this talk, I will share experiences from my work in this critical area as well as highlight key lessons learned and pressing challenges where your expertise and engagement are urgently needed.