The past decade has seen an unprecedented number of high-profile data breaches. To address this threat, businesses have begun to invest heavily in encryption technologies, both to protect data and to reduce liability in the event of a breach. However, the widespread deployment of encryption has placed a new burden on application developers, a burden that is made worse by the fact that many of our existing protocols and software libraries are themselves flawed. In this talk I will discuss the problems facing both cryptographers and application developers who implement cryptography. I will focus on where we stand with making cryptography easy to use; recent vulnerabilities in some of the protocols that power the secure web; and the challenging problem of securing cryptographic software against sophisticated nation-state attackers.